Jurassic Park: Edmontosaurus

One of the last, largest, and best-known of the hadrosaur dinosaurs, Edmontosaurus is the classic "duck-billed" dinosaur due to its rounded bill resembling a duck's, growing around 30 to 40 feet long or even up to a maximum of nearly 50 feet based on some individuals known, and is known many numerous good specimens and remains including mummified remains with preserved skin impressions. There are two known species of the genera: E. regalis (the type species; known from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation in Alberta Canada which dated back 73 to 70.6 million years ago) and E. annectens (the largest and youngest of the species and lived 67 to 66 million years ago, making it one of the last of the non-avian dinosaurs that ever lived). One of the most common dinosaurs of Western North America during the last stage of the Late Cretaceous period (Maastrichtian stage), Edmontosaurus, like other hadrosaurs, were docile herbivores with huge batteries of chewing teeth at the back of their mouths ideal for chewing and grinding tough vegetation and presumably roamed in herds, while its enormous size and well-muscled body as well as its powerful tail would've been its defense against its main enemies, the fearsome tyrannosaurs it lived alongside with such as Tyrannosaurus rex and Albertosaurus - An Edmontosaurus annectens specimen was found with some of its tail vertebrae being bitten off by a Tyrannosaurus rex, but was healing meaning that the duck-billed dinosaur had a narrow escape from the T. rex and survived. In 2013, a mummified specimen of an Edmontosaurus regalis reveals that in life, it had a rounded, comb-shaped crest on its head made of skin that was likely used for display and species recognition while in 2019, another mummified edmontosaur specimen shows that its forelimbs had deer-like hooves ideal for walking and presumably other hadrosaurs had that feature. 

Sometime between the late 1980's and early 1990's (before 1993), 4 Edmontosauruses were successfully recreated and bred on Isla Sorna (Site B) by International Genetics Technologies and was planned to be an attraction for Jurassic Park on Isla Nublar after its planned opening in 1994. Sadly, however, they were never moved to Isla Nublar due to the park incident on June of 1993.

Afterwards, Hurricane Clarissa struck Site B and forced InGen to evacuate and abandoned the island and its animals. It is unknown what happened to the Edmontosaurus population as none of them were encountered during the events taken on Isla Sorna in 1997 and 2001. However in 1997, a rotted skull of what's thought to be an Edmontosaurus annectens (dubbed 'Anatotitan' during the time) was known to be found in the tyrannosaur nest, suggesting that they didn’t make it too long after InGen left the island. 

After the passing of InGen's CEO and founder John Hammond in 1997 (after the San Diego Incident), and InGen being purchased by Simon Masrani through the Masrani Global Corporation, the Masrani Global created a new dinosaur theme park on Isla Nublar known as Jurassic World that opened to the public in 2005 and sometime after, Edmontosaurus was recreated and included and being put on display for the park. 

The Edmontosaurus in Jurassic World pictured here were given a tan body with dark brown stripes, a white tail covered in brown stripes, a lime green head with red crests above their eyes (in males) and a yellow beak. They were also given a fan-shaped crest on top of their heads used for display and species recognition, meaning that the species they recreated was Edmontosaurus regalis. Like all of InGen's cloned hadrosaurs, they were not given hooves at the end of their forelimbs unlike their original counterparts and were shrink-wrapped. 

These hadrosaurs were docile, sociable herbivores that roamed in herds and often produced loud honking sounds for communication, warding off rival males, or when threatened by predators. They were grazers as well as low to mid browsers, feeding on the vegetation and using its huge batteries of chewing teeth at the back of their mouths for chewing and grinding the tough plant matter. They mainly preferred living in open plains

They lived in Gallimimus Valley which consists of a grassy plain and was 31 km2, where guests, while taking through a Jungle Trek and riding through a Steyr-Daimler-Puch Pinzgauer 712 M, can view and take photos of not only the flocking Gallimimus, but also the herd of Edmontosaurus feeding and grazing, sometimes alongside Parasaurolophus (also a hadrosaur) and Apatosaurus that also resided Gallimimus Valley. In fact, the bright colors made the Edmontosaurus such an appealing attraction that during such special events like Valentine's day, young couples would be driven to where these peaceful hadrosaurs seem to congregate, just to be in their company. 

But by December of 2015, things take a turn for the worse when the park's newest attraction, a giant genetically-modified, hybrid theropod dinosaur known as the Indominus rex broke out of her enclosure and went on a violent, destructive rampage, killing many people (including CEO Simon Masrani) and many of the park's dinosaurs, causing property damage, and eventually resulting in chaos, that ended up shutting down Jurassic World for good... never to be reopened. 

In the wake of the incident while what's left of the Indominus rex was her skeletal remains at the bottom of the lagoon, the last remaining population of Edmontosaurus were left to fend for themselves and roamed free as the park was left in ruins just as its predecessor Jurassic Park did 22 years before. But sadly, however, the species did not last long as they faced an array of challenges that they could not cope or survived with. These were lack of care, lack of available space since Isla Nublar is a lot smaller than Isla Sorna, and as a result of this and the most notable one, the very large array of predators that were also left abandoned such as Allosaurus, Carnotaurus, and of course, the queen of the island, the old veteran Tyrannosaurus rex (Rexy/Roberta) that's been roaming on Isla Nublar since 1989. As a result of this, the last remaining Edmontosaurus (along with the carnivorous theropod Metriacanthosaurus) had fallen back into extinction sometime before the eruption of the island's volcano Mt. Sibo in 2018 as confirmed by the Dinosaur Protection Group (DPG) and the DPG listed it as one of the animals that were a "subject to cruelty" in their promotional image.

Note: Based on the Edmontosaurus painting from the Jurassic World website and the Edmontosaurus as it appeared in Jurassic World Evolution video game. Since this dinosaur was never given any physical appearance in the movies, this illustration and information here may not be considered movie canon.