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[History of USA] American Civil War

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StoriaGold
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Name: Abraham Lincoln
Nationality: USA [16th President of USA]
Born: February 12, 1809
Died: April 15, 1865
Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_…

Name: Jefferson Davis
Nationality: USA [President of the Confederate States]
Born: June 3, 1808
Died: December 6, 1889
Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferso…

American Civil War [Wikipedia]

The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States fought between northern and Pacific states ("the Union" or "the North") and southern states that voted to secede and form the Confederate States of America ("the Confederacy" or "the South"). The debate over slavery intensified in the 1850s. Actions such as the Fugitive Slave Act and Dred v Sanford decision only furthered the divide between northern abolitionists and southern slave interests. Eventually these divisions over slavery would boil over into war.

On November 6, 1860 former U.S. Congressman Abraham Lincoln was elected president. President-elect Lincoln sought a compromise between north and south by permitting slavery in the states that practiced it, however any new state entering the union regardless of location would be legally required to be a free state. This compromise was too lenient in the eyes of the south and an initial seven slave states declared their secession from the country, with South Carolina being the first to secede. These states formed an alliance against the U.S. called the Confederacy. War broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, just over a month after Lincoln's inauguration. An additional four slave states joined the Confederacy in the following two months. The Confederacy grew to control at least a majority of territory in those eleven states (out of the 34 U.S. states in February 1861), and it claimed the additional states of Kentucky and Missouri, but those states were mostly under Union control and the Confederates formed state governments in exile with representation in the Confederate Congress. The two remaining slave states, Delaware and Maryland, were invited to join the Confederacy, however intervention by federal soldiers prevented those states from leaving the Union.

The Confederate states were never diplomatically recognized as a joint entity by the government of the United States, nor by that of any foreign country. The states that remained loyal to the U.S. were known as the Union. The Union and the Confederacy quickly raised volunteer and conscription armies that fought mostly in the South for four years. Intense combat left between 620,000 and 750,000 soldiers dead, along with an undetermined number of civilians.[h] The Civil War remains the deadliest military conflict in American history, and accounted for more American military deaths than all other wars combined until the Vietnam War.

The war effectively ended on April 9, 1865, when Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at the Battle of Appomattox Court House. Confederate generals throughout the Southern states followed suit, the last surrender on land occurring on June 23. Much of the South's infrastructure was destroyed, especially its railroads. The Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and four million enslaved Black people were freed. The war-torn nation then entered the Reconstruction era in a partially successful attempt to rebuild the country and grant civil rights to freed slaves.

The Civil War is one of the most studied and written about episodes in U.S. history, and remains the subject of cultural and historiographical debate. Of particular interest are the causes of the Civil War and the persisting myth of the Lost Cause of the Confederacy. The American Civil War was among the earliest industrial wars. Railroads, the telegraph, steamships and iron-clad ships, and mass-produced weapons were employed extensively. The mobilization of civilian factories, mines, shipyards, banks, transportation, and food supplies all foreshadowed the impact of industrialization in World War I, World War II, and subsequent conflicts.

[Wikipedia]


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HCShannon's avatar
HCShannon

Both of them came from my home state!